CLARA B. JONES, Independent Researcher [DOB:
8/12/1943-]: Brief CV [1970s-present]: h-index, 22; i-10 index, 43 as of April 2024 ...
Cell: 828-279-4429
Twitter [Social Biology, Behavioral Ecology]: http://twitter.com/cbjones1943
Amazon Author’s Page:
http://www.amazon.com/Clara-B.-Jones/e/B001K9037K
Training, Research,
Employment [selected]:
Cornell University Ph.D. Biopsychology 1978 [William C.
Dilger: birds, Ethology; Ruth E. Buskirk: spiders, primates, Behavioral Ecology: Dissertation Advisors]
Harvard University Postdoctoral Fellow in Population
Genetics 1981-1982 [Richard C. Lewontin]
Independent Researcher [including field research in Latin
America 1973-2007 (plants; especially, animals): Costa Rica, Panama, Belize, Mexico, Colombia (Colombian Amazon; Isla San Andres, Colombia--fish, blenny)]
Community Conservation, Inc., USA, Associate 1997-2007 [Rob
Horwich]
Organization for Tropical Studies [OTS], Course # 1973-2, Costa Rica; San Andres Island, Colombia
Max Planck Institute for Behavioral Physiology; Seewiesen,
Bavaria 1981 [Irenaus Eibl-Eibesfeldt]
American Museum of Natural History, NYC, Visiting Scientist, Mammals 1985-1986: Pleistocene forest refuges, Africa, Primates [Sydney Anderson]
Rutgers University, NJ, Institute of Animal Behavior, Visiting
Faculty 1991-1996
Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico, Visiting
Scientist 1996 [Ernesto Rodriguez-Luna]
Jackson (MS) State University, Department of Psychology, Visiting
Scientist 2002 [Sheree Watson]
National Evolutionary Synthesis Center [NESCent], Visiting Scholar 2005, 2006
National Evolutionary Synthesis Center [NESCent], Visiting Scholar 2005, 2006
Additional Coursework:
Environmental Sciences [M.A. Program, Montclair State (NJ) University, not
completed: Harbans Singh]; GIS [M.A. Program, U-MD College Park, not completed: Derek
Thompson]
Doctoral
Committee: Biological Psychology: [Ethology:
William C. Dilger, birds (Department of Neurobiology & Behavior); Behavioral Ecology: Ruth E. Buskirk, spiders, primates (Department of Neurobiology & Behavior); Social
Psychology: Stephen C. Jones, Humans (Department of Psychology)]
Current Research Interests: Animal Behavior; Behavioral Ecology [cf. John Hurrell Crook, 1964]; Social Biology [especially, Social Evolution: Major Transitions Approach, especially, Mammals, including, Humans]; Hystricognaths; Bathyergidae [African mole-rats]; Evolution of Interdependence; Evolution of Cooperation; Evolution of Division-of-Labor; General Principles, especially, Hamilton's Rule [rb - c>0 -----> rb>c]
Current Research Interests: Animal Behavior; Behavioral Ecology [cf. John Hurrell Crook, 1964]; Social Biology [especially, Social Evolution: Major Transitions Approach, especially, Mammals, including, Humans]; Hystricognaths; Bathyergidae [African mole-rats]; Evolution of Interdependence; Evolution of Cooperation; Evolution of Division-of-Labor; General Principles, especially, Hamilton's Rule [rb - c>0 -----> rb>c]
Taxa studied: Tropical Plants
[Botany Mentor, Harlan Banks, Cornell University] ... Fieldwork Pithecellobium saman, Andira inermis; bracken fern [Dennstaedtiaceae spp.], Tabebuia neocrysantha [Bignoniaceae], xaté [Chamaedorea spp.]; Animals, Fieldwork Ppublished: Fish [Entomacrodus nigricans]; Mammals [including, humans]; particularly, howler monkeys, Alouatta spp. [Alouatta palliata, 3 sub-spp.; also, A. pigra, A. caraya]; Fieldwork Unpublished: spiders, vultures, dung beetles; Laboratory Unpublished: albino [Norway]
rats, Madagascar cockroaches, planaria; Fieldwork Unpublished: vultures, scorpions, dung beetles
Publications: > 100, including, scientific articles and book chapters; 9 books [including, five conventionally-published books (2 of these edited volumes--one of these with co-author & the other singly-authored); two self-published books; one self-published monograph; one self-published blogpost--self-published texts available at lulu dot com]; 2 special Issues [1 issue comprised of 2 issues]; book reviews; technical reports; newsletter; and newspaper articles
Primary influences: Sydney Anderson, Harlan Banks, Irwin Bernstein, Andrew Bourke, Jack Bradbury, Bernie Crespi, William C. Dilger, Irenaus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, John F. Eisenberg, Stephen T. Emlen, "Griff" Ewer, Steven A. Frank, Masao Kawai, Harry Levin, Richard C. Lewontin, Jasper Loftus-Hills, Martin Moynihan, Gene E. Robinson, M.E.P. Seligman, Norman J. Scott, Jr., Robert L. Trivers, Sandy Vehrencamp, Frederick O. Waage, Stuart A. West, Mary Jane West-Eberhard
Videos
1. Terminology in Social Biology (2016) YouTube ~6 min
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0cMyWzB33o&feature=youtu.be
2, Are Humans Co[-]operative Breeders (2016) You Tube ~6 min
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cvz3D3sKlJ8
3. Clara B. Jones reading part of book on Naked Mole-Rats (2018); YouTube
Selected Scientific
Contributions:
Primary influences: Sydney Anderson, Harlan Banks, Irwin Bernstein, Andrew Bourke, Jack Bradbury, Bernie Crespi, William C. Dilger, Irenaus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, John F. Eisenberg, Stephen T. Emlen, "Griff" Ewer, Steven A. Frank, Masao Kawai, Harry Levin, Richard C. Lewontin, Jasper Loftus-Hills, Martin Moynihan, Gene E. Robinson, M.E.P. Seligman, Norman J. Scott, Jr., Robert L. Trivers, Sandy Vehrencamp, Frederick O. Waage, Stuart A. West, Mary Jane West-Eberhard
Books
1. Jones
CB [ed] [2003] Sexual selection and
reproductive competition in primates: new perspectives and directions.
American Society of Primatologists, Norman, OK
2. Jones
CB [2005] Behavioral flexibility in
primates: causes and consequences. Springer, New York
3. Hager
R Jones CB [eds] [2009] Reproductive skew
in vertebrates: proximate and ultimate causes. Cambridge University Press,
New York
4. Jones
CB [2012] Robustness, plasticity, and
evolvability in mammals: a thermal niche approach. Springer, New York
5. Jones CB [2014] The evolution of mammalian sociality in an ecological perspective. Springer Brief, Springer, New York
6. Jones CB [2020] Female mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata
palliata: Primates, Atelidae) life-history strategies—a “major transitions”
approach to mammalian social evolution. Lulu dot com. [self-published]
7. Jones CB [2021] A mechanistic approach to studying mammalian populations. lulu dot com. [self-published] ... book highlights "social parasitism" & includes a simple mathematical model, pp 44-46:
https://www.lulu.com/shop/clara-b-jones/a-mechanistic-approach-to-studying-mammalian-populations/paperback/product-8dnw7q.html?q=clara+b.+jones&page=1&pageSize=4
Special Issues
1.
Jones CB [ed] [2001] Sampling
Neotropical primates: implications for conservation and socioecology. Primate Report 61: 3-71
2.
Jones CB [ed] [2003] Primate dispersal:
proximate and ultimate causes and consequences [Part 1]. Primate Report 67: 3-98
3.
Jones CB [ed] [2004]. Primate dispersal:
proximate and ultimate causes and consequences [Part 2]. Primate Report 68: 3-95
Other [Selected] Publications
Horwich R et al. [2012] Community conservation. In: Moutinho P (ed), Deforestation around the world [Ch 14], pp 283-318. InTechOpen.com
http://www.communityconservation.org/publications/InTech-Preserving_biodiversity_and_ecosystems_catalyzing_conservation_contagion.pdf
Jones CB [2013] Seasonal tropical forests. In Horwath RW [ed], pp 163-168. Biomes and ecosystems. Ipswich, MA, Salem Press
Jones CB [2013] Sub-tropical forest biome. In Horwath RW [ed], pp 142-148. Biomes and ecosystems. Ipswich, MA, Salem Press
Jones CB [2013] Constraints on speciation in human populations: phenotypic diversity matters. Human Biology Review 2[3]: 263-279
Book Review: Trivers RL [2015], Wild Life, Biosocial Research, NJ; International Society of Behavioral Ecology Newsletter 28-1, Spring/Summer 2016
Book Review: Ebensperger LA & Hayes LD [2016], Sociobiology of Caviomorph Rodents, Wiley-Blackwell; Koenig WD, Dickinson JL [2016], Cooperative Breeding in Vertebrates, CUP; ISBE Newsletter 28-2, Fall/Winter 2016
Book Review: Clutton-Brock T [2017], Mammal Societies, Wiley-Blackwell; ISBE Newsletter 29-1, Spring/Summer 2017
Horwich R et al. [2012] Community conservation. In: Moutinho P (ed), Deforestation around the world [Ch 14], pp 283-318. InTechOpen.com
http://www.communityconservation.org/publications/InTech-Preserving_biodiversity_and_ecosystems_catalyzing_conservation_contagion.pdf
Jones CB [2013] Seasonal tropical forests. In Horwath RW [ed], pp 163-168. Biomes and ecosystems. Ipswich, MA, Salem Press
Jones CB [2013] Sub-tropical forest biome. In Horwath RW [ed], pp 142-148. Biomes and ecosystems. Ipswich, MA, Salem Press
Jones CB [2013] Constraints on speciation in human populations: phenotypic diversity matters. Human Biology Review 2[3]: 263-279
Book Review: Wilson EO [2018] Genesis.
https://vertebratesocialbehavior.blogspot.com/2019/04/review-of-eo-wilsons-new-book-genesis.html
NOTE: Jones CB (2022) A Note Concerning Constraints on Speciation and the Monospecific Status of Genus: Homo, Emphasizing Environmental Potential and the Role of Gene Flow Among Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers, Facilitated by Behavioral Flexibility and Phenotypic Diversity, Including, Cultural Innovations; lulu dot com
3. Clara B. Jones reading part of book on Naked Mole-Rats (2018); YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5xlRHmKB84
4. Mammal Social Evolution
Current project
Social Evolution: Major Transitions Approach, especially, Mammals [see 1st blogpost of this blog; available in hard copy at lulu dot com]
Social Evolution: Major Transitions Approach, especially, Mammals [see 1st blogpost of this blog; available in hard copy at lulu dot com]
1. First systematic utilization of “Focal”
data-collection technique employing randomized [1 randomly-selected focal subject/d] baseline using
physical lab data sheets [10-columns, min x min recording]; all publications
for aged and marked Costa Rican Mantled howler Monkeys**, Alouatta
palliata palliata, and Riverbanks Zoo Black [now, Black and Gold] howler monkeys, A. caraya; Costa Rican Mantled Howler Monkeys studied in Tropical Dry Forest habitats, Canas, CR in 2 habitats, drier, Deciduous habitat (Group 12) & wetter, Riparian habitat (Group 5) [Behavioral Ecology]; Dissertation research carried out studying 1 species in two habitats, the first or among the first such research designs in Primatology [Behavioral Ecology]
2.
First systematic utilization of Radio-telemetry*** [AVM receiving equipment w hand-held antenna; lab-made transmitter attached to one adult female] in field primate studies; all publications for Costa Rican mantled howler
monkeys, A. p. palliata, in Deciduous Habitat
http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/news/cons/COMBELEN.html
3. Devised fist systematic qualitative system [visual inspection] to determine estrus stages in howler monkeys [in primates?: 3 stages based on differential tissue color & presence/absence of vaginal secretions [A. p. palliata]
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02382013
4. 3rd field translocation experiment (1976) utilizing primates as subjects [published (A. p. palliata]; see, also, Kawai M(asao) [1960] Primates 2: 181-255 and Sugiyama Y(ukimaru) [1966] Primates 7: 41-72.]*****
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02381443
http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/news/cons/COMBELEN.html
3. Devised fist systematic qualitative system [visual inspection] to determine estrus stages in howler monkeys [in primates?: 3 stages based on differential tissue color & presence/absence of vaginal secretions [A. p. palliata]
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02382013
4. 3rd field translocation experiment (1976) utilizing primates as subjects [published (A. p. palliata]; see, also, Kawai M(asao) [1960] Primates 2: 181-255 and Sugiyama Y(ukimaru) [1966] Primates 7: 41-72.]*****
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02381443
5.
Systematized and implemented “focal-tree”
data-collection method (published: Brenesia; blogpost @ vertebratesocialbehavior.blogspot.com)****
6.
Principal descriptions of "age-reversed” ["age-inversed"] dominance
system in 3 Alouatta [howler monkey]
species: A. palliata [3 subspecies: 1978 (dissertation), 1980], A. caraya, A. pigra*****; published: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02390468
Bioaccumulation: my new hypothesis for the evolution of the "age-reversed" ["age-inversed"] dominance system [2nd blogpost in this blog]; i think this H could be easily tested in the field ...
7.
Conducted first systematic [field] experimental
manipulation of primate herbivore-plant interactions, A. p. palliata [blogpost @ vertebratesocialbehavior.blogspot.com]
8. Conducted opportunistic field experiments using Costa Rican mantled howler monkeys [blogpost @ vertebratesocialbehavior.blogspot.com]
9. First [only?] systematic use in primates of “Vehrencamp’s RRS Method” to calculate “relative reproductive success” [RRS] devised by Sandra L. Vehrencamp [University of CA, San Diego, communication, mid-1970s, in Costa Rica]; published in Neotropical Primates
8. Conducted opportunistic field experiments using Costa Rican mantled howler monkeys [blogpost @ vertebratesocialbehavior.blogspot.com]
9. First [only?] systematic use in primates of “Vehrencamp’s RRS Method” to calculate “relative reproductive success” [RRS] devised by Sandra L. Vehrencamp [University of CA, San Diego, communication, mid-1970s, in Costa Rica]; published in Neotropical Primates
10. Demonstrated “displacement coalitions” by male
and female mantled howler monkeys; published Jones CB 1980, Primates ... these apparently coordinated displacements appeared to be opportunistic rather than collaborations or alliances ...
11. First quantitative modeling of climate time-series "mapped" onto primate population life table to demonstrate "fine-grained" conditions: Jones CB [1997] Life-history patterns of howler monkeys in a time-varying environment. Boletin Primatologico Latinoamericano 6: 1-8
12. Demonstrated correlation between folivority and capacities for colonization [Belizean black howler monkeys, Alouatta pigra] and frugivory and minimal capacities for colonization [Central Americal (Belize) spider monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi] due to even spatiotemporal dispersions of leaves, clumped spatiotemporal dispersions of most fruit species [Jones & Jost 2007, Laboratory Primate Newsletter]******.
13. Preliminary demonstration of "temporal division-of-labor" [TDL] in a primate: Jones CB [1996] Temporal division of labor in a primate: age-dependent foraging behavior. Neotropical Primates 4: 50-53
11. First quantitative modeling of climate time-series "mapped" onto primate population life table to demonstrate "fine-grained" conditions: Jones CB [1997] Life-history patterns of howler monkeys in a time-varying environment. Boletin Primatologico Latinoamericano 6: 1-8
12. Demonstrated correlation between folivority and capacities for colonization [Belizean black howler monkeys, Alouatta pigra] and frugivory and minimal capacities for colonization [Central Americal (Belize) spider monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi] due to even spatiotemporal dispersions of leaves, clumped spatiotemporal dispersions of most fruit species [Jones & Jost 2007, Laboratory Primate Newsletter]******.
13. Preliminary demonstration of "temporal division-of-labor" [TDL] in a primate: Jones CB [1996] Temporal division of labor in a primate: age-dependent foraging behavior. Neotropical Primates 4: 50-53
http://www.primate-sg.org/storage/PDF/NP4.2.pdf
Monograph, Female mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata palliata, Primates, Atelidae) life-history strategies--a major transitions approach, 122 pp, lulu.com ... also, PDF available linked to Profile of my Twitter feed, @cbjones1943 [see Abstract below] ...
14. Began to compare social mammals [primates] and social insects in Jones CB 1980 Primates; e.g*
http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/457/45712103.pdf
15. Publications on "behavioral flexibility" & "phenotypic plasticity"
16. Using a verbal model, synthesized Hamilton's Rule, Competition Theory, and Coexistence Theory [Jones CB (2014) Springer, Chapter 2]
http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/457/45712103.pdf
15. Publications on "behavioral flexibility" & "phenotypic plasticity"
16. Using a verbal model, synthesized Hamilton's Rule, Competition Theory, and Coexistence Theory [Jones CB (2014) Springer, Chapter 2]
17. Probably the 1st to apply a Major Transitions Approach to mammalian social evolution [see 1st blogpost of this blog].
18. "Temporal division of labor" ["age polyethism"] in a mammal: Female mantled howler monkey [Alouatta palliata palliata: Primates, Atelidae] life-history strategies--a "Major Transitions" approach to mammalian social evolution [2020] ... available in hard copy at lulu dot com; available in PDF format linked to Profile of my Twitter feed, @cbjones1943
ABSTRACT
Arboreal howler monkeys [Alouatta spp.] are wholly herbivorous [“primary
consumers”]. Following earlier work (1978; 1980) on Costa Rican mantled howler
monkeys, Alouatta palliata palliata, located in Tropical Dry Forest, the dominance system is described whereby young adult females [~5-7 y.o.] are dominant to older females, middle-aged females [~7-10 y.o.] and middle-aged to old females [~10-15 y.o.] are dominant to old females [~15+ y.o.]. Importantly, the dominance system is characterized by "temporal division-of-labor" ["age polyethism"]
whereby adult females, specialized for "social foraging"—a type of within-group “helping” behavior, are graded by age, with the oldest female foragers ["helpers"] engaged in most foraging bouts, younger adult females accounting for less “social foraging” [“helping”]. Adult female life-history parameters were calculated from a population census and shown to correspond to patterns of temporal environmental cycles, in particular, the 6-month [seasonal] pattern of rainfall associated with limiting
food availability. To my knowledge, this is the first demonstration of "temporal division-of-labor" in primates, and the methods are novel. Eusocial mole-rats have been shown to exhibit both “temporal” and “reproductive” division-of-labor [Nigel Bennett, personal communication, 2021]. The present results indicate feedback loops among cyclical rainfall patterns; ephemeral food availability; and, adult females operating in the context of “contest competition” for limiting nutrients from which female life-history traits and the rare “age-reversed” dominance system have emerged. The present study, also, has implications for the evolutionary causes and consequences of cumulative acquisition of information by adult females over time who share a group range.
References
Jones CB (1978) Aspects of reproduction in the mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata Gray). Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Jones CB (1980) The functions of status in the mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata Gray): intraspecific competition for group membership in a folivorous Neotropical primate. Primates 21: 389-405.
18. Mammal social behavior and group-living ["social organization" from the perspective of Social Parasitism ... A mechanistic approach to studying mammalian populations [2021] ... available in hard copy at lulu dot com ...
Footnotes
*Jones CB [2005] Social parasitism in mammals with particular reference to neotropical primates. Mastozoologia Neotropical 12: 19-35
**Animals [Group 5 and Group 12] aged and marked by Norman J. Scott [USFW, retired] and his assistants [including CB Jones]; 2 raw data, 3-ring binders [Group 5: Riparian Habitat; Group 12: Deciduous Habitat] archived via Dr. Todd Vision @ National Evolutionary Synthesis Center [NESCent], Duke University, Durham, NC
**Animals [Group 5 and Group 12] aged and marked by Norman J. Scott [USFW, retired] and his assistants [including CB Jones]; 2 raw data, 3-ring binders [Group 5: Riparian Habitat; Group 12: Deciduous Habitat] archived via Dr. Todd Vision @ National Evolutionary Synthesis Center [NESCent], Duke University, Durham, NC
***Telemetry equipment provided and 1 adult female ["TC"] fitted
with transmitter collar by Scott
****Concept first suggested by Jack W. Bradbury [Cornell
University, communication early 1970s], who, also, highlighted the importance
of using multiple field assistants systematically recording observations
concurrently, an essential procedure for predator-prey experiment
*****with Robin Brockett & Rob Horwich
****** http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/news/cons/COMBELEN.html
******Using mapped survey data [Robert H. Horwich's raw data] of the two species' distributions in Belize [the only non-human primate taxa in Belize]
******Using mapped survey data [Robert H. Horwich's raw data] of the two species' distributions in Belize [the only non-human primate taxa in Belize]
